The effects of membrane properties hydraulic permeability and masstransfer characteristics, design conditions inlet osmotic pressures, inlet. But due to inefficient membranes, little effort has been put into research for this type of renewable ocean energy. Herein, we demonstrate the freestanding transitionmetal carbides and graphene oxide hybrid. How osmotic power generation works toyobos fo membrane has an internal structure in which densely packed hollow fibers enable water to flow efficiently, generating stable water. The energy in the osmotic power is derived from the difference in salt concentration between the fresh water and the salt water.
Nov 25, 2009 the worlds first test plant to harness osmotic power, a new emissionfree source of energy, opened on tuesday, in norway. The potential for power production from salinity gradients by. Worlds first osmotic power plant opens cleantechnica. Power generation from a salinity gradient resource is. Osmotic power generation via the pro process pro tests were conducted with the swbr facing the inner selective skin and the wwre facing the outer substrates of the tfcpes hollow fiber membranes. Osmotic power generation by pressure retarded osmosis. The power plant is located at tofte in hurum, norway, with rooms at the factory area at sodra cell tofte cellulose factory.
A very large, osmotically induced electric current is generated by a salinity gradient between the ends of a single boron nitride transmembrane nanotube, owing to. Explore electricity generating shock absorber with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Osmotic power generation with oppositely charged graphene oxide membrane pairs significance statement controlled movement of ionic species in confined space is a critical physicochemical process for electrochemical energy stored in synthetic and biological nanosystems, and in conversion of electrical signals. The concept of pro is used for generation of electric power similar to that of a hydroelectric power plant using a turbine coupled to a generator. On the way to a completely renewable energy supply, additional alternatives to hydroelectric, wind, and solar power have to be investigated. Power of osmosis used to deliver ecofriendly energy. Electricity generating shock absorber seminar report. Two practical methods for this are reverse electrodialysis red and pressure retarded osmosis pro. Theoretical and experimental investigations of the potential of. Energy consumption rate is increasing very rapidly everyday. Osmotic power generation with positively and negatively. Osmotic power generation with oppositely charged graphene.
Under labscale pro power generation tests, the membranes can withstand transmembrane hydraulic pressures up 15 bar and exhibit a power density ranging from 7 to 12 wm2 using various. Membrane processes in energy supply for an osmotic power plant. This study investigated the feasibility of graphene oxide go journal of materials chemistry a emerging investigators. A watersoluble zwitterionic random copolymer with superior hydrophilicity and unique chemistry was molecularly designed and synthesized via a singlestep freeradical polymerization between 2.
This presentation gives an overview and basic idea of how osmotic power generation works and possible advancements in future. Osmotic power or salinity gradient power is the energy available from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. Estimates made in the present study by the norwegian power company statkraft show that osmotic power generation may be developed to be cost competitive with other. This presentation gives an overview and basic idea of how osmotic power generat slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Osmotic power is a thriving renewable energy source osmotic power plants can be constructed anywhere were freshwater flows out into the sea, provided that the salt concentration is sufficiently high. However, the design and fabrication of surfacechargecontrollable nanochannels remain a scientific as well as a technological challenge. This paper presents a study on the potential of osmotic energy for power production. Freshwater is taken from a river close to its outlet. November 24th, 2009 by tina casey mix salt water with fresh water and there you have it. Osmotic power has been commercially introduced as a new fuelfree energy resource. Osmotic power, a new renewable source of energy the mixing of freshwater and seawater where rivers flows into the salty ocean releases large amounts of energy that can be used for power production. The first factor is the availability of high osmotic potential source in nature. Sites for osmotic power production along the lawrence river.
Osmotic power plants operate by combining salt water and fresh water. For now, the membranes used in most systems are organic and fragile, and deliver low yields. Both processes rely on osmosis with ion specific membranes. Osmotic power plants use the pressure generated by the transfer of water through the membrane in one direction to generate electricity. Osmotic power plant is a new source of renewable energy that can be further developed for power generation. Sources of renewable energy can be found in unexpected places, and one of the less wellknown processes currently being researched is the generation of osmotic power, or salinity gradient power. Despite the large number of laboratory scale studies, only few pilot plant tests were attempted. Jul 07, 2012 sources of renewable energy can be found in unexpected places, and one of the less wellknown processes currently being researched is the generation of osmotic power, or salinity gradient power. Tunisias current electrical energy tripled by hypersalinity osmotic power generation maher kelada mik technology 2100 west loop south, suite 900 houston, texas, usa 77027 maher.
Mathematical analysis for smallscale osmotic power. Once the systems become more robust, osmotic power could play a major role in the generation of renewable energy. Osmotic pressures article about osmotic pressures by the. Osmotic power has emerged as one of the promising candidates for clean and renewable energy. Over the past few years, several nanofluidic channels have been constructed using ionconductive materials. The stationary velocity and potential fields are used in the transient simulation of the concentration of a charged tracer species injected into the system. Giant osmotic energy conversion measured in a single. In this paper, we give an overview of this stateoftheart method of power generation and relate it with the opportunities of osmotic power generation in pakistan. An indepth investigation into the theory behind how osmotic pressure is used as a way of producing power is presented.
Graphene quantum dotsgraphene fiber nanochannels for. A facile and versatile approach was demonstrated for the fabrication of lowfouling pressure retarded osmosis pro membranes for osmotic power generation from highly polluted wastewater. Pdf osmotic power plant operating by pressure retarded osmosis pro is a promising technology for power generation from renewable resources. This study demonstrates the use of singlelayer molybdenum disulfide mos 2 nanopores as osmotic nanogenerators. Chapter 1 introduction energy consumption is an important aspect in our day to day life. According to the predicted gross power per membrane area illustrated by the power density wm 2 in figure 7, the osmotic pressure difference of more than 50 bar is preferred as it allows the generation of a higher power density requiring a lower membrane area for the given 0. Li, hao xiao, feilong hong, gang su, jianjian li, ning cao, liuxuan wen, qi guo, wei journal. Osmotic power is a specific renewable energy alternative that creates renewable and sustainable power by. Numerical study of mixed electroosmoticpressure driven flow. Jul, 2016 osmotic power generation is a promising renewable energy source. Recent developments in salinity gradient power wader, llc. Many of the worlds major cities are on river estuaries that could be ideal for osmotic power generation. Unique ion rectification in hypersaline environment. While discovered and discussed in the 1970s, research has been slow and most of it only recently.
Twodimensional ti3c2tx mxenego hybrid membranes for. Osmotic power, salinity gradient power, or blue energy is the energy available from the difference in the salt concentrations between two liquid streams 89. If this continues as such then the world will one day face shortage of energy. Theoretical and experimental investigations of the potential. The concept of power generation and seawater desalination by pro and ro processes from red and dead sea water was infeasible due to a number of technical and environmental issues. The idea to generate power through osmosis between river and ocean water has been known since the 1970s. After one year of study, the membrane power density has improved from less than 0. Scientists have also proposed using wastewater effluent or low salinity water and seawater as feed and draw solutions in the pro process 15, 16. In 2001, statkraft, one of the major energy providers in norway. Request pdf negatively charged hyperbranched polyglycerol grafted membranes for osmotic power generation from municipal wastewater osmotic power holds great promise as a clean, sustainable and. Osmotic power generation seminar report, ppt, pdf for.
Statkraft osmotic power prototype is the worlds first osmotic power plant, based on the energy of osmosis. Osmotic power, a new renewable source of energy the mixing of freshwater and seawater where rivers flows into the salty ocean releases large amounts of energy that can be used for power. Theoretical and experimental investigations of the. Jul 10, 2016 osmotic power is a new kind of renewable energy which is being researched upon. Towards practical applications, when extrapolating the materials from single. The mixing of freshwater and seawater where rivers flows into the salty ocean releases large amounts of energy that can be used for power production. Osmotic power technology under normal operating conditions can generate a hydrostatic. Also explore the seminar topics paper on osmotic power generation with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year mechanical engineering me or production automobile students for the year 2019 2020. Osmotic energy and pressure retarded osmosis request pdf. Two main methods can be used to harvest this renewable energy source.
The statkraft osmotic power plant at tofte, norway, is the first osmotic power or salinity gradient power generation plant in the world. The power generation and energy is back bone of every country to survice in this world. There are enormous benefits with osmotic power, namely that its the cleanest, most reliable source of renewable energy on the planet, it is always available and more costeffective than solar or wind power, has a small ecological footprint and it recycles natures resources seawater or wastewater. Osmotic power, salinity gradient power or blue energy is the energy available from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. Nestled amid pinecovered hills on the banks of the oslo fjord, 60km. Two practical methods concerning membrane technology are currently being researched. Molecular design of membranes for osmotic power generation. Osmotic power or pressure retarded osmosis pro is a burgeoning renewable energy source res that converts the pressure differential between water with high salinity and water with lower or no salinity into hydraulic pressure. Unlike hydropower and wind power, osmotic power plants are not affected by fluctuations in the weather. Explore osmotic power generation with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. First osmosis power plant goes on stream in norway new. Modelbased analysis and optimization of pressure retarded osmosis pro for power generation is focused.
Of an osmotic power plant to a commercial scale has a major impact on the design of the. The equations that are solved are the continuity equations for flow velocity and current density together with a mass balance using the electrokinetic flow application mode. Reverse osmosis ro is a modern process technology to purify water for a wide range of applications, including semiconductors, food processing, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, power generation, seawater desalting, and municipal drinking water. Pdf osmotic power generation jaffar umraan academia. Basics of osmotic power salinity gradient power or osmotic power is the energy retrieved from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. Electricity generation is the process of generating electrical power from other sources of primary energy. Osmotic power stands out as a promising and yet unexploited, new renewable energy sources.
Optimization of the energy output of osmotic power plants. Tandem alternating gom pairs produce high voltage up to 2. After being conditioned at 20 bar with di water for 30 min, the swbr was pumped into the lumen side of the membrane at a flow rate of 0. Osmotic power is a specific renewable energy alternative that creates renewable and sustainable power by using naturally occurring processes. The potential power that can be produced worldwide through osmotic power is estimated to be 1600 twha. Energy consumption is an important aspect in our day to day life. Schematic of the ammoniacarbon dioxide osmotic heat engine ohe for power generation. The chemiosmotic generation of atp is driven by a osmotic.
Finley oceanus consulting wader, llc 22 battery st. Today, our flat sheet membranes not only show an osmotic density of about 610 wm 2 but also withstand up to 15 bar using model seawater 0. This kind of energy was not used until 1975 by loeb and norman through selectively permeable. Economically, two predominant factors determine the validity of large scale salinity power generation system. However, an osmotic power plant can be designed to operate at full capacity almost continuously. The document is a presentation regarding osmotic power generation. Osmotic power power production based on the osmotic pressure. Osmotic powerpower production based on the osmotic. It utilizes the phenomenon that upon the mixing of fresh water and oceanic salt water e. Cost has been one of the major obstacles in taking this type of power to the masses, but they have obviously fixed that problem and the new power station is being watched by all with much anticipation.
The process is called osmotic power, and a company called statkraft has just. Osmotic power 2 abstract this paper looks at the potential of osmotic power as a viable future renewable energy resource. Introduction blue energy collected from the osmotic difference between seawater and fresh water has been extensively studied as a clean, renewable, and sustainable power generation source 15. In 1954, pattle pointed out that gibbs free energy was lost when the sea meets the river. Electricity generation through the use of salinity gradients between salt and fresh water is a relatively new concept. Electricity generated with water, salt and a 3 atoms thick. Mit study could slash the cost of renewable osmotic power.
Singlelayer mos 2 nanopores as nanopower generators nature. A novel ammoniacarbon dioxide osmotic heat engine for. A new study conducted at mit has examined the potential of pressureretarded osmosis pro, a technique that generates electricity from the difference in salinity between two pools of water. Pressure retarded osmosis for power generation and seawater. Osmotic power is in the prototype and demonstration stage. Seawater is fed into the plant by underground pipes. Also explore the seminar topics paper on electricity generating shock absorber with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year mechanical engineering me or production automobile students for the year 2019. The fundamental principles of electricity generation were discovered during the. Osmotic power using geothermal water is attracting attention as a novel renewable energy that, unlike solar or wind power, is unaffected by weather or time of day. As a result, the newly developed fopro hybrid system is capable of sustaining osmotic power generation with the advantages of fo such as 1 low fouling propensity, 2 easy membrane cleaning. The power plant uses the osmotic gradient that occurs when fresh water and. Statkraft, the world leader in the field, tested a prototype osmotic power plant in norways oslo fjord from 2009 to 20. Anissimov3 4 1 school of engineering, griffith university, australia, f. Membrane processes in energy supply for an osmotic power.
From initial experiments conducted in the 1950s which produced a few. Osmotic power generation in biomimetic nanofluidic systems has attracted considerable research interest owing to the enhanced performance and long. Several plant designs have been developed for pro power generation. The project manager at the statkraft osmotic power plant. On the role of heterogeneous nanopore junction in osmotic power generation author.
Some systems use the movement of water, rather than ions, to power turbines that in turn produce electricity. This may reduce the pro energy cost to an attractive level. Osmotic power is such an alternative with a theoretical global annual potential of up to 14400 twh 70% of the global electricity consumption of 2008 per year. Negatively charged hyperbranched polyglycerol grafted. Statkraft osmotic power prototype in hurum wikipedia. Osmotic power, or pressureretarded osmosis, was first conceived by prof. Fullscale 25 mw osmotic power plant is planned to build by 2015.
These include the uptake of nutrients by bacterial cells, cellular and intracellular transport of ions and. Nov 26, 2009 first osmosis power plant goes on stream in norway. To that of hydro electric power, with osmotic power. Analysis and optimization of pressure retarded osmosis for. On the role of heterogeneous nanopore junction in osmotic. In this paper, we take an indepth look into the technical details of the osmotic power generation. Finally, the paper introduces a way that allows the simultaneous power recovery of gauge and osmotic pressure, which gives a higher power yield than the two processes applied separately. The study includes both pilot plant testing and theoretical. Osmotic powerpower production based on the osmotic pressure.
This paper examines the osmotic energy research which has been carried out around the world. Osmotic power generation with positively and negatively charged. Sea level pro power plant a power plant based on this concept can look as illustrated at the end of this paper. Successful power generation techniques are those that make use of inexpensive energy sources and that utilize efficient conversions. The norwegian state power company statkraft sf, a company with a strong tradition in hydropower, believes that osmotic power can become a significant renewable energy source and has engaged in technology development aiming at costeffective power production.
1385 450 844 1418 14 1475 840 808 642 980 198 681 303 1429 883 153 600 338 801 992 211 30 429 1391 129 153 1499 1187 409 414 1212 973 951 1225 893 1327 348 606 1489 433 366 1303 363 1458 156